Signal transduction pathways under abiotic stresses in plants
نویسندگان
چکیده
All abiotic stresses reduce plant growth and yield. The products of stress-inducible genes which could be directly protecting against these stresses include the enzymes responsible for the synthesis of various osmoprotectants like late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, antifreeze proteins, chaperones and detoxification enzymes. Another group of gene products involved in gene expression and signal transduction pathways includes transcription factors, protein kinases and enzymes involved in phosphoinositide metabolism. In the present article, the signal transduction pathways involving mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) under osmotic/ oxidative stress have been discussed. Studies indicate that in addition to connections between MAPK modules used by osmotic stress and ROS signalling, there is also specificity in the individual pathways. The role of external stimuli and of IP3 as a second messenger in releasing Ca from cellular stores has been reported. Interaction between phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C activity and IP3 level has been indicated. Abiotic stresses and ABA biosynthesis suggested connection between cold, drought, salinity and ABA signal transduction pathways. Calcium-dependent signalling that leads to LEA type genes and salt overly sensitive signalling that result in ion homeostasis has been discussed. Crosstalk among various transduction pathways under abiotic stresses in regulation of metabolism has been reviewed.
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[Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) transcription factor in plants and its role during abiotic stresses].
Abiotic stresses such as cold, drought and high salinity are common adverse environmental conditions that seriously influence plant growth and crop productivity worldwide. Some transcription factors (TFs) have been isolated and verified recently to play roles under abiotic stresses. Among them, the TF of DREB (Dehydration responsive element binding) can therefore regulate the expression of many...
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